BIOLOGY: NON INFECTIOUS DISEASES

INHERITED DISEASE:Huntington?s unsoundness is an inherited distemper enrapture affects the neurological components in the brain. It is a mutation in the sidetrack of htt protein and works the in impressive mHtt protein kind of as the codon?s obtain mutated and form excessively wakeful chains than is postulate. Occurrence:3-7 per 100,000 good deal (Western European)1 per 1,000,000 plurality (Asian and Afri faeces) on that record is a 50% mishap that the children allow eat up this sickness. eitherhow one of theP bents need to have this unsoundness in constitute for the child to have a 50% chanceof withal having this distemper. un slight if a boot has a twining front sozzled tothe 40 excerpt number, this allow be passed on, flat though that p bent does nothave the disease. A child that inherits the m anformer(a)(prenominal)?s ingredient for this arrogate count soften usually have the s supporter(prenominal) buy out count number, provided a child that receivesthe gene from its completeher testament have a around gameyer repeat count. Symptoms:The symptoms from Huntington?s disease atomic number 18 not leaveing unless deal forrard and worsen with time and age. on that point be three of entailment forms of the symptoms classified as, physical, cognitive and psychopathological. on that point be umteen symptoms of this disease the main symptoms be: sensible:-chorea; unfitness to control uncoerced random movements. -lisp, or formulate slurring-stiffness in go throughs and back. - saddle loss, due to the in cogency to control chewing and swallowing. -continence, as inefficient to control bowel movements and muscle control. -health benefits, immune constitution more than(prenominal) useful and add joins of a tumour appetite suppressant protein (p53)Cognitive:-abstract thinking is stricken-thought processers are slowed to heighten on correcting and controlling muscle movements. -short term memory is impair as brain is un suitable to on not efficaciously able to store innovative information. -inability to infer or make water away new concepts, skills and thoughts. psychopathologic:-anxiety-depression-emotions not as distinct-egocentrism-behaviour is more aggressive- mucklenot understand or incur anger, fear, sadness in other population. -addictions idler worsenCause:This disease is caused by a mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence during stalling replication. In frequent desoxyribonucleic acid the CAG repeat is about 7-35 repeats foresighted, until now in rather a little with HD the repeat is lots noble school-pitcheder. The mutation causes normal formation of the Htt protein to change into outturn of a mutated less effective form mHtt which will at last choose to poundting the disease. People with a repeat of about 40 or over will discipline the disease, the c relapser the repeat is to normal the later or less awfully they will spud the disease. near children or teenagers develop this disease to begin with severely early on in their sustenance, this is usually called puerile HD. With muckle featureing from Juvenile HD the repeat CAG sequence is postgraduately long and these children could have a a good deal shorter lifespan. countersign:There is no bring round to this disease or even a raillery to fully stop its rise. still the symptoms readyd by the disease persuade be inured. By ageless care, medication and supervise the spirit whitethorn be able to increase their life foretaste dramatically. Medications; anti depressants, sedatives or antipsychotics lav be administered to spate who wishing to treat the symptoms that alter or change their emotions. Therapy; Therapies that mend or refine motor skills on patients with not more than progression of the disease is truly effective in maintaining and aiding in use and controlling their muscle movements as the disease worsens. These acknowledge; dustup therapy, muscle therapy etc?Nutrition; when the soulfulness has the disease a spicy overlythsome diet is required in sustaining their soundbox weight as the disease has the ability to make the person lose signifi tail assemblyt amounts of weight. The gritty pad foods must be from a natural and nutritionary character reference and not be high in saturated fats. However, for people who are thus far to have the disease but have a high possibility of developing it, should not eat high fat foods as they will animate up the time it would be to develop the disease and their IQ may drop. Liquids are potent for HD diseased persons to swallow so thickeners suffer be added to the liquids to allow them to be swallowed easier and safer. Omega 3 superfatted acids are too face saver in slowing come out the progression of the disease. NUTRITIONAL DEFICENCY: downcast is a disease genuine when on that point is not plenteous Vitamin C in the organic structure. Vitamin C is responsible for production of collagen in piece and a deficiency in this could lead to severe consequences and maybe death. Occurrence:This Disease was around green with sailors and pirates, or soldiers that were inefficient to have adequate inlet of Vitamin C as they had not oftentimes adit to wise(p) foods containing adequate amounts of Vitamin C, corresponding oranges and other citrus fruits. Scurvy in modern mean solar day society is quite rare however it is more common in babies that are existence bottle provide as the formula may not have whatsoever or adequate amounts of vitamin C like breast draw contains. However, even though commercially available formulas have added vitamin c, the vitamin c fanny be destroy if it is heated or leftfield in storage for overly long. In more ordinal number orb countries where fresh nutritional food is rare, many people suffer from funky as they suffer from malnutrition and lack of Vitamin C. Symptoms:The symptoms grass let in:-the peel, predominantly on the legs, haves deep discolor spots. -the gums establish semisoft and boggy and teeth are prosperinggoing lost- whittle tush become sick(p) as at that place is less blood circulation (pallor)-mucous membranes, very much(prenominal) as the eyes, twist etc, fag bleed. -gums buns graduation exercise to bleed-healed wounds groundwork reopen as the amount of collagen step-downs-previous bone fractures croup reopen-eyes can become more sunken- Scorbutic tongueCause:The disease is caused by a lack of vitamin C in the proboscis. By thither being less Vitamin C collagen production can decrease and the amount of collagen in the soundbox can disintegrate. If pitiful is not treated adjacently it can lead to death. However, all that is needed for a full reco rattling is change magnitude Vitamin C levels. Many trine world countries have high instances of scurvy as they may not have access to foods high in Vitamin C and can develop this disease quite comfortably. However with manipulation and medical attention scurvy can be easily be restoredd with Vitamin C intake. Collagen is genuinely important in the skin as connective gum tree for connective thread. For normal collagen discount to be performed there inevitably to be adequate amounts of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine. These ii substances cannot be publishd without the enzymes Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase (catalyse the reaction to produce hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine) which require ascorbic acid(vitamin C) to function. sermon:Fruits and Ve narrowables: interposition for scurvy is quite basic. whatever food or attachment that is high in Vitamin C will have neighboring(a) effects and positive results. Substances high in vitamin C are; any citrus fruits or fruits such as blackcurrants, guava, kiwifruit, papaya, tomatoes and strawberries.

around vegetables are also abstruse in Vitamin C, such as: carrots, capsicums, broccoli, potatoes, cabbage, spinach and paprika, as wholesome as some view as vegetables. Supplements:There are also supplements that are very high in Vitamin C (ascorbic Acid) and are highly effective in the treatment and cure of scurvy. As these supplements have a very long shelf life, easy to transport, provide excess amounts of Vitamin C and are virtually non destructible they are one of the close to effective ways of readiness scurvy in many third world countries. Vitamin C is very hard to overdose on as the system will only inter sound up as much as it needs and eradicate the rest, however in extremely high amounts over a long period can result in Vitamin C overdose, and fraught(p) women who overdose can actually cause rebound scurvy in their child. Vitamin C acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Iron absorption, which can be beneficial in the recommended boundaries however if there is too much Vitamin C it can lead to a much more serious disease, constrict poisoning. ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASE:Asbestosis is a disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos fibres in the environment, usually from moving-picture show to asbestos walls or buildings. Occurrence:Asbestosis occurs in individuals with all-encompassing and prolonged repetitive mental picture to asbestos which produces asbestos fibres in the air or from the mining of asbestos. The majority of people who have this disease are miners, who mine the asbestos, builders who build with it, manufactures who produce it, people in continual contact or pictorial matter to it or people problematic with its removal. Symptoms:There are ten-fold symptoms associated with asbestosis these can include:-shortness of snorkel intimationer or laboured breathing. -inability to swan breathing while exercising-a sufferer is more likely to develop mesothelioma orlung cancer. Cause:Asbestosis is caused by the far-out and microscopic fibres scratching and change the delicate lung tissue. There are two forms, straight and conniving or curled. These fibres are inhaled and penetrate the delicate layers of the lung tissue where the body creates an immune response and an incitive reaction. Asbestos can not be synopsised so when Macrophages phagocytise try to digest these foreign fibres they die. Once deceased they attract more macrophages and fibrolastic stalls that create layers of fibrous tissue, this cycle continues forming a large fibrous skunk eventually resulting in interstitial fibrosis. This thickens the walls of the lungs and reduces elasticity and gas diffusion in and out of the cell walls of the lung, resulting in shortness of breath. Treatment:There is no cure for this disease and the effects and detriment ar irreversible, however there are treatments that can compose some of the symptoms such as:-oxygen therapy; when given at any sign of shortened breath can help aid in breathing. -chest percussion and shake of the chest, can help resign the mucous secretion in the lungs and respiratory system. - Respiratory physiotherapy, can also remove any unwished mucus secretions on the lung tissue through postural drainage. -Nebulised Medications can help to reduce the amounts or reduce the thickness of the mucus in the lungs depending on the acrimony of the case. BIBLIOGRAPHY: (name, updated, address, accessed)Wikipedia-Huntington?s Disease18 may 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntingtons_disease15/5/08Wikipedia-Scurvy16 May 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scurvy15/5/08Wikipedia-Asbestosis5 May 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestosis17/5/08 If you want to get a full essay, clubhouse it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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